A preliminary comparative study of CaTiO₃ prepared by different methods

Rodriguez Andrea P^*, Tamamura Ryo^*, Borkosky Silvia S^*, Inoue Miho^*, Tsujigiwa Hidetsugu^**,

Nagatsuka Hitoshi ^*, Sathi Gul San Ara^*, Kishimoto Etsuo^***, Akao Masaru^*, Nagai Noriyuki^*

Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University^*

Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University^**

Department of Oral Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University^***

Titanium and it alloys have been widely used as biomedical and dental materials because of their excellent biocompatibility and good mechanical properties. However, one disadvantage of these materials is that it takes long time to obtain good fixation between the material and living bone. Improvement of bone conductivity of these materials is demanded from biomedical field such as orthopedics and dentistry. In order to enhance the ability of these materials, various bioactive coating on their surface has been attempted.

Recently, calcium titanate (CaTiO₃) and carbon-containing materials have taken much attention in research for biomedical applications. For that reason, we developed a novel material called “calcium titanate-amorphous carbon” (CaTiO₃-aC) prepared by alkoxide (CaTiO₃-aC alko) and modified thermal decomposition (CaTiO₃-aC mtd) methods. In this study, the objective was to evaluate the crystallinity and carbon amount of the particles, and to compare the effect of different CaTiO₃ materials on cell response using bone marrow stromal cells. Thus, the results indicated that CaTiO₃-aC alko and CaTiO₃-aC mtd exhibited peaks corresponding to perovskite-type CaTiO₃ peaks. The amount of deposited carbon in CaTiO₃-C alko and CaTiO₃-C mtd particles were higher (5.9% and 4.3% respectably) than the commercial CaTiO₃ particles (0.8%). Moreover, CaTiO₃-aC alko and CaTiO₃-aC mtd enhanced the cell response compared with the commercially-prepared CaTiO_3.

The obtained results indicate that the amount of C could play a key role in the cell response of calcium titanate materials. In conclusion, our findings suggest that CaTiO₃-aC alko plays a more dominant effect on cell response compared with the others, which could be considered as an important biomaterial for medical application.